A Study to assess the effectiveness of Steam Inhalation to Relief Chest Congestion among Post Operative Patient in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital

 

Ms. Varalakshmi. E^1*, Ms. Sangeetha. R²

¹Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing , Saveetha College of Nursing, SIMATS, Chennai-602105, District- kancheepuram, India.

²IV Year Student, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Saveetha College of Nursing, SIMATS,

Chennai-602105, District- kancheepuram, India.

 

ABSTRACT:

Inhalation is the preferred route for therapeutic agents are delivered directly to the lung, the inhaled route offers a more rapid onset of action, to be used and has a better efficacy to safety ratio compared to systemic therapy. Chest congestion among the most common for human alignment. They are substantial cause of increase the morbidity and mortality rates in India. Many patient with chest congestion require unscheduled urgent care visits. Control remains a public health problem with variation not only among individual but also across the socioeconomic spectrum. Patient education, access to health care and cost of medication are likely to influence treatment result. Clinical practice as well as observation studies, however, it is evident that the steam inhalation is a good treatment responses for chest congestion without introduction costly new treatment modalities. This review will, therefore, assess problem that can lead to poor inhaler techniques, which could contribute to poor chest congestion control.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Inhalation is the preferred route for therapeutic agents are delivered directly to the lung, the inhaled route offers a more rapid onset of action, to be used and has a better efficacy to safety ratio compared to systemic therapy. Chest congestion among the most common for human alignment. They are substantial cause of increase the morbidity and mortality rates in India. Many patient with chest congestion require unscheduled urgent care visits. Control remains a public health problem with variation not only among individual but also across the socioeconomic spectrum. Patient education, access to health care and cost of medication are likely to influence treatment result.

 

Clinical practice as well as observation studies, however, it is evident that the steam inhalation is a good treatment responses for chest congestion without introduction costly new treatment modalities. This review will, therefore, assess problem that can lead to poor inhaler techniques, which could contribute to poor chest congestion control.

 

To determines the extent to which the steam inhalation has achieved the desired effect in reducing the symptoms of chest congestion. The inhalation of warm, moist air into the mucous membrane of nose and respiratory tract. In the present study steam inhalation will be given by consent of medical officer. The chest congestion characterized by cough ,sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, headache, low grade fever, facial pressure and sneezing are reduced by providing a warm steam inhalation.

 

Chest congestion will be categorized into mild moderate and severe, it based on score of Victoria respiratory congestion scale (VRCS). Inhalation of steam inhalation is important because to reduce a chest congestion and providing a appropriate treatment to the patients.

 

MATERIALS AND METHOD:

RESEARCH APPROACH:

Research approach is quantitative approach.

 

RESEARCH DESIGN:

One group pre test and post test for the present study.

 

SETTING OF THE STUDY:

The research study was conducted in which the data collection takes place at Saveetha institute of medical and technical science.

 

POPULATION:

The population include in this study who underwent the surgery in Saveetha institute of medical and technical science.

 

SAMPLE SIZE:

Sample for the present study consists of 60 post operative patient.

 

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:

 Simple random sampling technique will be used for the study.

 

VARIABLES:

Dependent variable:

chest congestion among post operative patient

 

Independent variable: steam inhalation

 

CRITERIA FOR SAMPLE SELECTION:

 

Inclusion criteria:

·      Post operative client underwent the surgery.

·      Post operative client willing to participate in the study.

·      Available at the time of study.

 

Exclusion criteria:

TOOL SCORING PROCEDURE

·      Post operative client who are not willing to participate in the study.

·      Not available at the time of study.

 

Victoria Respiratory Congestion Scale (VRCS)

VRCS SCORE:

0-   Congestion absent

1-   Congestion audible at 12 inches (30 cm) from patient chest but not further

2-   Congestion audible at the end of the bed but not further

3-   Congestion audible at the doorway of the room

 

Instructions:

The staff member stands beside the patient’s bed, bends slightly over the patient’s chest, turns his or her head at 12 inches(30 cm) from the chest, and listens for several breaths. The staff then moves to the end of the bed and listens again for several breaths, and similarly at the door of the room

 

If no congestion is heard at the chest, the score is 0/3

If congestion is heard at the chest but not the foot of the bed, the score is 1/3

 

If congestion is heard at the chest and at the foot of the bed only, the score is 2/3

 

If congestion is heard at the doorway, the score is 3/3

Distinction should be made between ‘congested breathing’ and ‘snoring’ or ‘tachypnea’ which are not counted as congestion

 

Room noise should be reduced as possible (e.g. radio or television turned down) during assessment

 

The room size is based on an approximate single room. If in a larger four-bed ward, the distance from the bed to where an average doorway would be is used

 

Whatever the room size or ambience, repeated measurements should replicate as best as possible the same conditions in order to compare changes in the VRCS.

 

RESULT:

The study reported that steam inhalation twice daily was effective in the reducing the chest congestion with the selected extraneous variables steam inhalation is very effective and cost benefits to the patient to reducing the chest congestion

Table 1: frequency and percentage distribution of pre test and post test level of chest congestion among post operative patient in experimental group and control group.

Group		Score 0		Score 1		Score 2		Score 3		Mean	SD
		NO	%	NO	%	NO	%	NO	%
Experimental group	Pre test	3	10%	4	13.3%	9	30%	14	46.6%	2.133	0.7120
	Post test	20	66.6%	6	20%	2	6.66%	3	10%	0.533	0.7699
Control group	Pre test	6	20%	10	33.3%	14	46.6	10	33.3%	2.333	0.916
	Post test	6	20%	10	33.3%	14	46.6%	10	33.3%	2.333	0.916

 

 

Table-1 represents, in the pre test for experimental group score 3 (10%) had score 0, 4 (13.3%) had score 1, 9 (30%) has score 2 and 14 (46.6%) had score 3. Post test for experimental group among the post operative patient. The pre test for control group score , 20(66.6%) had score0, 6(20%) had score 1, 2(6.66%) had score2, 3(10%) had score 3. the post test for control group score 6(20%)had score 0, 10(33.3%) had score 1, 14(46.6%) had score 2, 10(33.3%) had score3, among post operative patient.

 

Table-2 Effectiveness of steam inhalation to relief chest congestion amongpost operative patient

Group	Mean	SD	Paired t test value of experimental group and control group
Experimental group Pre test	2.133	0.7120	8.3769
Post test	0.533	0.7699
Control group Pre test	2.333	0.916
Post test	2.333	0.916

Table-2 represent, in pre testfor experimental group mean is 2.133 and SD is 0.7120. The post test mean is 0.533 and SD is 0.7099.thepre test for control group mean is 2.333 and SD is 0.916. thepost test mean is 2.333 and SD is 0.916. The t value is 8.3769 which is significant at p<0.05 level, and hypothesis (H1) is retained.

 

Table 3 represent, that the study significant association between the demographic variables of age in year, sex, education, occupation, income, lung problem , number of post operative days with chest congestion in post operative group at<0.05 and the non significant association between the demographic variable of year of experience with chest congestion in an post operative group at p>0.05.

 

 

 

Table-3 Association between the level of chest congestion with the demographic variable

S.No.	Demographic variable	Level of chest congestion				Chi square X2
		score 0	score 1	score 2	score 3
1	Age in year a)     15-30 b)     31-40 c)     41-50 d)     Above-50	4 6 3 8	3 1 1 0	2 1 0 0	0 0 0 1	X2=9.632 P=16.92 Df=9 Significant
2	Sex a)      Male b)      Female	10 9	4 3	2 1	0 1	X2=20.099 P=7.83 Df=8 Non-Significant
3	Education a)      Illiterate b)      Primary education c)      Secondary education d)      Graduates	8 9 0 3	3 2 0 1	2 1 0 0	0 1 0 0	X2=2.506 P=16.92 Df=9 Non significant
4	Occupation a)     Working b)     Non working	20 4	3 1	1 0	1 0	X2=0.846 P=7.82 Df=3 Significant
5	Income a)      <5000 b)      5000-8000 c)      8000-12000 d)      >12000	11 2 0 0	4 0 0 0	2 0 0 0	1 0 0 0	X2=8.71 P=16.92 Df=9 Significant
6	Lung problem a)     Absent b)     Present	20 5	3 2	0 0	0 0	X2=0.93 P=7.82 Df=3 Significant
7	Number of post operative days a)     One day b)     2-3 days c)     3-5 days d)     < 5 days	6 5 1 1	4 4 2 2	1 1 0 0	1 1 1 0	X2=6.33 P=16.92 Df=9 Significant

 

 

 

 

Figure-3 Frequency and percentage distribution of pre test and post test level of chest congestion among post operative patient in experimental group and control groupatSaveetha Medical college and hospital.

 

Figure-3 represent, in pre testfor experimental group mean is 2.133 and SD is 0.7120. The post test mean is 0.533 and SD is 0.7099.thepre test for control group mean is 2.333 and SD is 0.916. thepost test mean is 2.333 and SD is 0.916. The t value is 8.3769 which is significant at p<0.05 level, and hypothesis (H1) is retained.

 

DISCUSSION:

Steam inhalation is a method of introducing warm, moist air into the lung via the nose and throat for therapeutic benefit inhaling steam is a great treatment for respiratory complication and is recommended for dealing with chest congestion. Dry air passage are moistened and mucus is loosened eliminated easier by chest congestion, the moist air also alleviates chest congestion. Similar kind of finding was observed after the analysis of the data in current study also. The intervention has shown the effectiveness on the sign and symptoms of chest congestion among the patient. Different between the two groups was significant as calculated t value(8.3769). The nursing administration can improve knowledge among staff nurse through development program like in service education and continuing education program.

 

ACKNOWLEGDEMENT:

The authors are grateful to the authorities of Saveetha College of Nursing, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital.

 

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

The Authors declare no conflict of interest.

 

 

REFERENCES:

BOOK REFERENCES:

1.     Brunner and Suddarth’s “Textbook of Medical surgical Nursing” 13^th Edition, Lippincott Williams Publication,

2.     Joyce M. Black “Medical Surgical Nursing” Volume 2, 8^th Edition, Elsevier Publication..

3.     Lewis (2014) Medical Surgical Nursing, philipedia: Elsevier Publications.

4.     S.N. Text book of Medical Surgical Nursing, 2^nd edition published by Avichal published company.

 

JOURNAL REFERENCES:

1.     Butlar C, Hood k, Predicting the clinical course of suspected acute viral upper respiratory tract infection in children, Oxford journal-family practice (22):2006:92-95.

2.     Flower, L, Knowledge and Practice Regarding Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ,Nursing Journal of India,,XCVIII(4): 2007.

3.     Lakshmamma, V.T, Home Based Stesm Inhalation for treating upper respiratory infection. Nightingale Nursing Time, 2000: 9-11.

 

 

Accepted on 20.06.2018        © RJPT All right reserved

Research J. Pharm. and Tech 2018; 11(10): 4443-4446.